Under Construction

Abraliopsis sp. B

Lourdes Burgess and Richard E. Young
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Containing group: Abraliopsis (Abraliopsis)

Introduction

 Abraliopsis sp. B is presently known only from Hawaiian and New Caledonian waters. It is a small, stocky species reaching 29 mm ML in females and at least 22 mm ML in males.
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

Figure. Ventral view of Abraliopsis sp. B, male. Drawing by L. Burgess.

 Brief diagnosis:

An Abraliopsis (Abraliopsis) ...

Characteristics

In addition to familial characters (listed on the Enoploteuthidae page) and generic characters (listed on the Abraliopsis page), Abraliopsis sp. B has:
  1. Arms
    1. Hectocotylus (right arm IV) with long, low, rounded-trapezoidal membrane on ventral margin from opposite hook 4-6 to 3/4 of arm length, then continues as indistinct ridge. No dorsal membrane present.
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Dorso-oral view of the distal hectocotylized portion of right arm IV of Abraliopsis sp. B. Note the dorso-oral ridge has no modified membrane.Drawing by L. Burgess.

    2. Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window


      Figure. Hectoctylus of Abraliopsis sp. B, mature male, 19.5 mm ML. Top - Dorsal view showing no dorsal membrane. Bottom - Ventral view.

    3. Arms IV relatively short. Arms IV length index - 59-84 (x̅ = 74.4, n = 14).
    4. Number and sizes of hooks not different between sexes; 13-21 hooks on arms I, 14-24 hooks on arms II, 14-22 hooks on arms III, 11-14 hooks on arms IV (x̅ = 12.5, n= 14); hooks on arms IV smallest.
    5. Arm tips with 14-26 suckers; generally arms III with fewest suckers, arms I with most. Largest arm suckers with three blunt teeth distally on inner rings, otherwise smooth.
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Oral and lateral views  of a arm IV arm hook of Abraliopsis sp. B (left two images) and an oral view of a large arm-tip sucker (right image). Drawings by L. Burgess.

  2. Tentacles
    1. Club with 2 series of usually 3-4 hooks each; largest hooks of ventral series over 3 times length of counterparts of dorsal series and laterally compressed. Inner sucker rings of dactylus smooth.
    2. Club with large keel and carpal flap.
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Images of the club of Abraliopsis sp. B. Left - Oral (left) and ventral (right) views. Photographs by R. Young. Right - Oral view. Drawing by L. Burgess.

  3. Head
    1. Occipital folds: 4 folds or either side of head. Typically, fold 1 (ventral-most fold) barely recognizable; fold 2 with tongue-like olfactory papilla; fold 3 recognizable; fold 4 only apparent in large individuals. The posterior connection between folds 3 and 4 generally undetectable but barely detectable in squid in excellent condition (see below).
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Side view of the head of Abraliopsis sp. B, male, 21 mm ML. Occipital folds 3 and 4 are indicated by marked black arrows. The white arrow points to the just-barely-detectable posterior connection between the two marked folds.

    2. Head very wide relative to mantle length. Head width index - Males: 40.9-50 (x̅ = 45.4, n=4); Females: 40-42.9(x̅ = 40.5, n = 4).
  4. Mantle
    1. Mantle short and broad (MWI 40).
  5. Fins
    1. Fins large. Fin length index - 60-80. Fin width index - 100-115 (x̅ = 106.4,
      n = 8) .
  6. Photophores
    1. Ocular photophores, characteristic of most Abraliopsis spp., with 5 photophores with terminal photophores at either end slightly enlarged (<2 X adjacent photophores).
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Occular photophores of Abraliopsis sp. B. Drawing by L. Burgess.

    2. Integumental photophores: Head and mantle with scattered photophores.
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Abraliopsis sp. B showing photophore arrangement. Left - Ventral view. Right- Same view, same squid, drawing from photograph with colored dots representing photophores. Red dots - Complex photophores. Blue dots - Non-complex photophores. Images by R. Young.


      A more detailed look at the photophore pattern can be seen here.
  7. Viscera
    1. Female: One spermatangial receptacle under dorsal part of collar muscle on either side of nuchal cartilage (= Dorsal-Collar Pocket). No Stellate Pocket posterior to nuchal cartilage, between stellate ganglia, where gladius abuts visceral mass.
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
      Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

      Figure. Dorsal view of Abraliopsis sp. B with the mantle folded posteriorly to reveal the pigmented spermatangiia receptacles. The collar on the right side of the squid has been partially cut away to show the attached spermatangia.The white material anterior to the attachments sites seems to be a preservation artifact. Photograph by R. Young.

  8. Measurements and counts:
      TC 7, sta. 10
    TC 7, sta. 10
    TC 32, sta. 28
    TC 32, sta. 18
    TC 32, sta. 18
    TC 32, sta. 18
    TC 7, sta. 10
    TC 32, sta. 8 
    NEC 2017, M1057-01
    Sex
    Male
    Male 
    Male
    Male
    Female
    Female
    Female
    Female
    Female
    Mantle length
    20
    20
    22
    22
    21
    23
    25
    25
    24
    Head width index
    50
    45
    46
    41
    43
    39
    40
    40
    51
    Fin Length index 60
    75
    73
    68
    74
    77
    80
    76
    71
    Fin width index 110
    115
    100
    100
    110
    100
    104
    112
    104
     Arm Length, I
    50
    50
    41
    46
    48
    48
    48
    36
     
                       II
    55
    55
    46
    50
    52
    52
    56
    40
     
                      III
    55
    60
    46
    50
    52
    52
    52
    44
     
                      IV
    80/80
    70/75
    59/-
    73/73
    76/76
    76/76
    80/84
    64/-
    79/79
     No. hooks, I
    19
    10
    18
    18
    14
    19
    20
    20
    19/20
                      II
    20
    21
    18
    19
     17 21
    21
    16
    22/20
                      III
    19
    19
    18
    21
     16 22
    20
    19
    18/18
                      IV
    12/12
    13/13
    11/-
    13/13
    12/13
    13/14
    12/12
    12/-
    12/12
    Club length index
    25
    30
    21
    23
    24
    30
    28
    20
    22/24
    Club hooks
    3/4; 4/3
    3/4;4/3
    3/3; 4/4
    4/4; 3/3
    3/5; 3/4
    5/4; 4/4
    3/4; 4/3
    4/4; -
    5/5; 5/4
    Carpal suckers
    5/5
    4/4
    4/4
    4/4
    4/4
    5/5
    4/4
    4/-
    -/-

Comments

Comparisons of Abraliopsis sp. B to other members of the subgenus can be found on the Abraliopsis (Abraliopsis) page.

Life History

The development of paralarvae of Abraliopsis sp. B was examined by (Young and Harman, 1985) by hatching eggs collected in the plankton and rearing the hatchlings until all yolk had been utilized (usually 6 days). Older stages were identified by following a morphological series to a size that showed species-specific features.

Eggs not examined.

Mantle chromatophore pattern of hatchlings is diagnostic (see figure below). The distinctive transversely elongate two chromatophores posterior to each eye on ghe ventral surface of the head are present at 2.0 mm ML. Net captured paralarvae generally lose chromatophores due to damage. Terminal arm IV photophores first appear as slight swellings at 4.0 mm ML. Appearance similar to Abraliopsis sp. A but broader and more heavily pigmented in the advanced stages.

Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window

Figure. Ventral and dorsal views of various sizes of paralarvae of Abraliopsis sp. A, Hawaiian waters.  Scale bars - 1.0 mm. Drawings from Young and Harman (1985).

Distribution

Abraliopsis sp. B is common in Hawaiian waters and is also known from north of New Caledonia at 16°59.7'S, 163°29.6'E.

References

Young, R. E. 1978. Vertical distribution and photosensitive vesicles of pelagic cephalopods from Hawaiian waters. Fish. Bull., 76: 583-615.

Young, R. E. and R. Harman. 1985. Early life history stages of enoploteuthin squids (Cephalopoda, Teuthoidea, Enoploteuthidae) from Hawaiian waters. Vie et Milieu, 35: 181-202.

Title Illustrations
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Click on an image to view larger version & data in a new window
Scientific Name Abraliopsis sp. B
Location Hawaiian waters
Specimen Condition Dead Specimen
Sex Male
Life Cycle Stage Mature
View Ventral
Size 20 mm ML
Image Use creative commons This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution License - Version 3.0.
Copyright ©
Scientific Name Abraliopsis sp. B
Abraliopsis
Location Hawaiian waters
Specimen Condition Live Specimen
View Side
Image Use creative commons This media file is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License - Version 3.0.
Copyright © 2000
About This Page


Retired


University of Hawaii, Honolulu, HI, USA

Page: Tree of Life Abraliopsis sp. B. Authored by Lourdes Burgess and Richard E. Young. The TEXT of this page is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License - Version 3.0. Note that images and other media featured on this page are each governed by their own license, and they may or may not be available for reuse. Click on an image or a media link to access the media data window, which provides the relevant licensing information. For the general terms and conditions of ToL material reuse and redistribution, please see the Tree of Life Copyright Policies.

Citing this page:

Burgess, Lourdes and Richard E. Young. 2018. Abraliopsis sp. B. Version 31 October 2018 (under construction). http://tolweb.org/Abraliopsis_sp._B/149526/2018.10.31 in The Tree of Life Web Project, http://tolweb.org/

edit this page
close box

This page is a Tree of Life Leaf Page.

Each ToL leaf page provides a synopsis of the characteristics of a group of organisms representing a leaf at the tip of the Tree of Life. The major distinction between a leaf and a branch of the Tree of Life is that a leaf cannot generally be further subdivided into subgroups representing distinct genetic lineages.

For a more detailed explanation of the different ToL page types, have a look at the Structure of the Tree of Life page.

close box

Abraliopsis sp. B

Page Content

articles & notes

collections

people

Explore Other Groups

random page

  go to the Tree of Life home page
top